Nakama Unity Client Guide #

This client library guide will show you how to use the core Nakama features in Unity by showing you how to develop the Nakama specific parts (without full game logic or UI) of an Among Us (external) inspired game called Sagi-shi (Japanese for “Imposter”).

Sagi-shi gameplay screen
Sagi-shi gameplay
Console Support
The Unity SDK includes console support for Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo platforms.

Prerequisites #

Before proceeding ensure that you have:

Full API documentation #

For the full API documentation please visit the API docs.

Installation #

The client is available from the:

The Nakama.unitypackage contains all source code and DLL dependencies required in the client code.

After downloading the file:

  • Drag or import it into your Unity project
  • Set the editor Api Compatibility Level setting to .NET Standard 2.1 (from the Edit -> Project Settings -> Player -> Other Settings -> Configuration menu).
  • From the Assets menu create a new C# script and a client object
API Compatibility Level
While our client is developed against .NET Standard 2.1, the .NET Framework option will work if you need or would like to use it instead.
Unity 2019.4.1+

Alternatively, you can checkout a specific release or commit by adding the following to the manifest.json file in your project’s Packages folder:

"com.heroiclabs.nakama-unity": "https://github.com/heroiclabs/nakama-unity.git?path=/Packages/Nakama#<commit | tag>"

Updates #

New versions of the Nakama Unity Client and the corresponding improvements are documented in the Changelog.

Unity / .NET SDK Differences #

In general, this client guide can also be used in conjunction with the Nakama .NET SDK with a few minor differences which are outlined below.

Socket Creation #

The Client.NewSocket extension is unavailable in the .NET SDK. Instead use:

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var socket = Socket.From(client);

Logging #

Logging to the console in this guide uses the Unity specific Debug.LogFormat method. In the .NET SDK use:

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Console.WriteLine("Hello, {0}!", "Nakama");

Saving/Loading Data #

This guide makes use of Unity’s built in PlayerPrefs to store and load data such as device ID, auth tokens, cacheable cursors etc. When using the .NET SDK you are free to use whatever data storage/retrieval method you choose; such as saving directly to disk.

Asynchronous programming #

Many of the Nakama APIs are asynchronous and non-blocking and are available in the Unity SDK as async methods.

Sagi-shi calls async methods using the await operator to not block the calling thread so that the game is responsive and efficient.

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await client.AuthenticateDeviceAsync("<DeviceId>");

Read about the async keyword and await operator in the official .NET C# reference.

Alternatively you can use callbacks with the task’s ContinueWith method:

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var task = Nakama.Client.GetAccountAsync(null);

task.ContinueWith(t =>
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Found account for user: {0}", t.Result.User.Username);
}, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnRanToCompletion);

task.ContinueWith(t => {
    Debug.LogFormat("Error: {0}", t.Exception);
}, TaskContinuationOptions.NotOnRanToCompletion);

When using ContinueWith, you need to run a second ContinueWith with the TaskContinuationOptions.NotOnRanToCompletion argument to catch exceptions.

Handling exceptions #

Network programming requires additional safeguarding against connection and payload issues.

API calls in Sagi-shi are surrounded with a try block and a catch clause with a Nakama.ApiResponseException object to gracefully handle errors:

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try
{
    await client.AuthenticateDeviceAsync("<DeviceId>");
}
catch (Nakama.ApiResponseException ex)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Error authenticating device: {0}:{1}", ex.StatusCode, ex.Message);
}

Handling retries #

Nakama has a global or per-request RetryConfiguration object to control how failed API calls are retried. The retry pattern can be useful for authentication or background service related tasks.

Sagi-shi uses a global retry configuration to try failed API calls up to five times before outputting an error to the console.

Passing a RetryConfiguration object to an individual request will override any globally set configuration.

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var retryConfiguration = new Nakama.RetryConfiguration(baseDelay: 1, maxRetries: 5, delegate { System.Console.Writeline("about to retry."); });

// Configure the retry configuration globally.
client.GlobalRetryConfiguration = retryConfiguration;
var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session);

// Alternatively, pass the retry configuration to an individual request.
var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session, retryConfiguration);

Sometimes it can be useful to stagger the retry requests by a particular amount of time. For this purpose you can pass a delegate to the jitter argument when creating a new RetryConfiguration. For a fully random retry jitter you can use the RetryJitter.FullJitter delegate that comes as part of the SDK.

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// Retry configuration with random jitter intervals
var retryConfiguration = new RetryConfiguration(500, 5, RetryListener, RetryJitter.FullJitter);

If you need more control over the delay between requests you can provide your own jitter delegate.

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// Retry configuration with custom retry jitter
var retryConfigurationCustomJitter = new RetryConfiguration(500, 5, RetryListener, (history, baseDelay, random) =>
    {
        // Use the "Decorrelated Jitter" algorithm (https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/exponential-backoff-and-jitter/)
        const int delayCap = 20000;
        var lastAttempt = history.Last();
        var jitter = Mathf.Min(delayCap, random.Next(baseDelay, lastAttempt.JitterBackoff * 3));
        return jitter;
    });

Request cancellation / timeout #

Nakama APIs can take an optional CancellationTokenSource object which can be used to cancel requests:

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// Part of System.Threading namespace
var canceller = new CancellationTokenSource();
var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session, retryConfiguration: null, canceller);

canceller.Cancel();

Serializing and deserializing data #

When sending and receiving data across the network it will need to be serialized and deserialized appropriately. The two most common ways to do this are using JSON and Binary data.

Both examples will show how to serialize and deserialize the Dictionary object below but can be used with any serializable object.

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var data = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
    { "Key", "Value" },
    { "AnotherKey", "AnotherValue" }
};

JSON #

Using the Nakama.TinyJson namespace.

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// Serialize
var serialized = data.ToJson();

// Deserialize
var deserialized = serialized.FromJson<Dictionary<string, string>>();

Binary #

Using the System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary namespace. Conversion to and from Base64 is only necessary if you wish to send and receive the serialized data as a string; otherwise you can serialize and deserialize using a byte[] array..

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var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
string serialized;

using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
    formatter.Serialize(ms, data);
    serialized = Convert.ToBase64String(ms.GetBuffer());
}

using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Convert.FromBase64String(serialized)))
{
    var deserialized = (Dictionary<string, string>) formatter.Deserialize(ms);
    Debug.Log(deserialized["AnotherKey"]);
}

Getting started #

Learn how to get started using the Nakama Client and Socket objects to start building Sagi-shi and your own game.

Nakama Client #

The Nakama Client connects to a Nakama Server and is the entry point to access Nakama features. It is recommended to have one client per server per game.

To create a client for Sagi-shi pass in your server connection details:

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var client = new Nakama.Client("http", "127.0.0.1", 7350, "defaultkey");

Configuring the Request Timeout Length #

Each request to Nakama from the client must complete in a certain period of time before it is considered to have timed out. You can configure how long this period is (in seconds) by setting the Timeout value on the client:

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client.Timeout = 10;

Configuring a Custom Logger #

When working with Nakama you can configure the client to use a custom logger. This logger will then be passed down to the HTTP adapter where it will be used to log errors received from API calls.

To use a custom logger you must first create a class that implements the Nakama.ILogger interface and then assign it to the client’s Logger property:

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var logger = new MyCustomLogger(); // Implements Nakama.ILogger
client.Logger = logger;

You can also use the provided Nakama.UnityLogger which will log to the Unity console.

Nakama Socket #

The Nakama Socket is used for gameplay and real-time latency-sensitive features such as chat, parties, matches and RPCs.

From the client create a socket:

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var socket = client.NewSocket();

bool appearOnline = true;   
int connectionTimeout = 30;
await socket.ConnectAsync(Session, appearOnline, connectionTimeout);

By default sockets dispatch events on Unity’s main thread. If you want socket handlers to execute outside of the main thread pass the useMainThread argument as false when creating the socket.

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var socket = client.NewSocket(useMainThread: false);

WebGL Compatibility #

If you are planning to build your game for WebGL you will need to switch out the IHttpAdapter that the Socket object uses for the UnityWebRequestAdapter and then use the NewSocket() extension on the Client object to create the socket.

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var client = new Client("defaultkey", UnityWebRequestAdapter.Instance);
var socket = client.NewSocket();

// or
#if UNITY_WEBGL && !UNITY_EDITOR
    ISocketAdapter adapter = new JsWebSocketAdapter();
#else
    ISocketAdapter adapter = new WebSocketAdapter();
#endif
var socket = Socket.From(client, adapter);

Authentication #

Nakama has many authentication methods and supports creating custom authentication on the server.

Sagi-shi will use device and Facebook authentication, linked to the same user account so that players can play from multiple devices.

Sagi-shi login screen
Login screen and Authentication options

Device authentication #

Nakama Device Authentication uses the physical device’s unique identifier to easily authenticate a user and create an account if one does not exist.

When using only device authentication, you don’t need a login UI as the player can automatically authenticate when the game launches.

Authentication is an example of a Nakama feature accessed from a Nakama Client instance.

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public async void AuthenticateWithDevice()
{
    // If the user's device ID is already stored, grab that - alternatively get the System's unique device identifier.
    var deviceId = PlayerPrefs.GetString("deviceId", SystemInfo.deviceUniqueIdentifier);

    // If the device identifier is invalid then let's generate a unique one.
    if (deviceId == SystemInfo.unsupportedIdentifier)
    {
        deviceId = System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
    }

    // Save the user's device ID to PlayerPrefs so it can be retrieved during a later play session for re-authenticating.
    PlayerPrefs.SetString("deviceId", deviceId);

    // Authenticate with the Nakama server using Device Authentication.
    try
    {
        Session = await client.AuthenticateDeviceAsync(deviceId);
        Debug.Log("Authenticated with Device ID");
    }
    catch(ApiResponseException ex)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("Error authenticating with Device ID: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
}

Facebook authentication #

Nakama Facebook Authentication is an easy to use authentication method which lets you optionally import the player’s Facebook friends and add them to their Nakama Friends list.

To use Nakama Facebook Authentication, install the Facebook SDK for Unity (external).

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public void AuthenticateWithFacebook()
{
    FB.LogInWithReadPermissions(new[] { "public_profile", "email" }, async result =>
    {
        if (FB.IsLoggedIn)
        {
            try
            {
                var importFriends = true;
                Session = await client.AuthenticateFacebookAsync(AccessToken.CurrentAccessToken.TokenString, importFriends);
                Debug.Log("Authenticated with Facebook");
            }
            catch(ApiResponseException ex)
            {
                Debug.LogFormat("Error authenticating with Facebook: {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    });
}

Console authentication #

See the console authentication documentation for more information on how to authenticate players on consoles.

Custom authentication #

Nakama supports Custom Authentication methods to integrate with additional identity services.

See the Itch.io custom authentication recipe for an example.

The following code shows how you would authenticate from the client side:

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public async void AuthenticationWithCustom()
{
    // Authenticate using Custom ID (using itch.io authentication).
    try
    {
        var itchioApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ITCHIO_API_KEY");
        Session = await Client.AuthenticateCustomAsync(itchioApiKey);
        Debug.Log("Authenticated with Custom ID");
    }
    catch (ApiResponseException ex)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("Failed authentication: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
}

Linking authentication #

Nakama allows players to Link Authentication methods to their account once they have authenticated.

Linking Device ID authentication

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public async void LinkDeviceAuthentication()
{
    // Acquiring the unique device ID has been shortened for brevity, see previous example.
    var deviceId = "<UniqueDeviceId>";

    // Link Device Authentication to existing player account.
    try
    {
        await client.LinkDeviceAsync(Session, deviceId);
        Debug.Log("Successfully linked Device ID authentication to existing player account");
    }
    catch(ApiResponseException ex)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("Error linking Device ID: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
}

Linking Facebook authentication

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public void LinkFacebookAuthentication(bool importFriends = true)
{
    FB.LogInWithReadPermissions(new[] { "public_profile", "email" }, async result =>
    {
        if (FB.IsLoggedIn)
        {
            try
            {
                var importFriends = true;
                await client.LinkFacebookAsync(Session, AccessToken.CurrentAccessToken.TokenString, importFriends);
                Debug.Log("Successfully linked Facebook authentication to existing player account");
            }
            catch(ApiResponseException ex)
            {
                Debug.LogFormat("Error authenticating with Facebook: {0}", ex.Message);
            }
        }
    });
}

Session variables #

Nakama Session Variables can be stored when authenticating and will be available on the client and server as long as the session is active.

Sagi-shi uses session variables to implement analytics, referral and rewards programs and more.

Store session variables by passing them as an argument when authenticating:

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var vars = new Dictionary<string, string>();
vars["DeviceOS"] = SystemInfo.operatingSystem;
vars["DeviceModel"] = SystemInfo.deviceModel;
vars["GameVersion"] = Application.version;
vars["InviterUserId"] = "<SomeUserId>";

/// ...

var session = await client.AuthenticateDeviceAsync("<DeviceId>", null, true, vars);

To access session variables on the Client use the Vars property on the Session object:

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var deviceOs = session.Vars["DeviceOS"];

Session lifecycle #

Nakama Sessions expire after a time set in your server configuration. Expiring inactive sessions is a good security practice.

Nakama provides ways to restore sessions, for example when Sagi-shi players re-launch the game, or refresh tokens to keep the session active while the game is being played.

Use the auth and refresh tokens on the session object to restore or refresh sessions.

Sagi-shi stores these tokens in Unity’s player preferences:

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PlayerPrefs.SetString("nakama.authToken", session.AuthToken);
PlayerPrefs.SetString("nakama.refreshToken", session.RefreshToken);

Restore a session without having to re-authenticate:

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var authToken = PlayerPrefs.GetString("nakama.authToken", null);
var refreshToken = PlayerPrefs.GetString("nakama.refreshToken", null);
session = Session.Restore(authToken, refreshToken);

Check if a session has expired or is close to expiring and refresh it to keep it alive:

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// Check whether a session has expired or is close to expiry.
if (session.IsExpired || session.HasExpired(DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(1))) {
    try {
        // Attempt to refresh the existing session.
        session = await client.SessionRefreshAsync(session);
    } catch (ApiResponseException) {
        // Couldn't refresh the session so reauthenticate.
        session = await client.AuthenticateDeviceAsync(deviceId);
        PlayerPrefs.SetString("nakama.refreshToken", session.RefreshToken);
    }

    PlayerPrefs.SetString("nakama.authToken", session.AuthToken);
}

Automatic session refresh #

The Unity client library includes a feature where sessions close to expiration are automatically refreshed.

This is enabled by default but can be configured when first creating the Nakama client using the following parameters:

  • AutoRefreshSession - Boolean value indicating if this feature is enabled, true by default
  • DefaultExpiredTimespan - The time prior to session expiry when auto-refresh will occur, set to 5 minutes be default

Ending sessions #

Logout and end the current session:

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await client.SessionLogoutAsync(session);

User accounts #

Nakama User Accounts store user information defined by Nakama and custom developer metadata.

Sagi-shi allows players to edit their accounts and stores metadata for things like game progression and in-game items.

Sagi-shi player profile screen
Player profile

Get the user account #

Many of Nakama’s features are accessible with an authenticated session, like fetching a user account.

Get a Sagi-shi player’s full user account with their basic user information and user id:

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var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session);
var username = account.User.Username;
var avatarUrl = account.User.AvatarUrl;
var userId = account.User.Id;

Update the user account #

Nakama provides easy methods to update server stored resources like user accounts.

Sagi-shi players need to be able to update their public profiles:

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var newUsername = "NotTheImp0ster";
var newDisplayName = "Innocent Dave";
var newAvatarUrl = "https://example.com/imposter.png";
var newLangTag = "en";
var newLocation = "Edinburgh";
var newTimezone = "BST";
await client.UpdateAccountAsync(session, newUsername, newDisplayName, newAvatarUrl, newLangTag, newLocation, newTimezone);

Getting users #

In addition to getting the current authenticated player’s user account, Nakama has a convenient way to get a list of other players’ public profiles from their ids or usernames.

Sagi-shi uses this method to display player profiles when engaging with other Nakama features:

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var users = await client.GetUsersAsync(session, new string[] { "<AnotherUserId>" });

Storing metadata #

Nakama User Metadata allows developers to extend user accounts with public user fields.

User metadata can only be updated on the server. See the updating user metadata recipe for an example.

Sagi-shi will use metadata to store what in-game items players have equipped:

Reading metadata #

Define a class that describes the metadata and parse the JSON metadata:

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public class Metadata
{
    public string Title;
    public string Hat;
    public string Skin;
}

// Get the updated account object.
var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session);

// Parse the account user metadata.
var metadata = Nakama.TinyJson.JsonParser.FromJson<Metadata>(account.User.Metadata);

Debug.LogFormat("Title: {0}", metadata.Title);
Debug.LogFormat("Hat: {0}", metadata.Hat);
Debug.LogFormat("Skin: {0}", metadata.Skin);

Wallets #

Nakama User Wallets can store multiple digital currencies as key/value pairs of strings/integers.

Players in Sagi-shi can unlock or purchase titles, skins and hats with a virtual in-game currency.

Accessing wallets #

Parse the JSON wallet data from the user account:

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var account = await client.GetAccountAsync(session);
var wallet = JsonParser.FromJson<Dictionary<string, int>>(account.Wallet);

foreach (var currency in wallet.Keys)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}: {1}", currency, wallet[currency].ToString());
}

Updating wallets #

Wallets can only be updated on the server. See the user account virtual wallet documentation for an example.

Validating in-app purchases #

Sagi-shi players can purchase the virtual in-game currency through in-app purchases that are authorized and validated to be legitimate on the server.

See the In-app Purchase Validation documentation for examples.

Storage Engine #

The Nakama Storage Engine is a distributed and scalable document-based storage solution for your game.

The Storage Engine gives you more control over how data can be accessed and structured in collections.

Collections are named, and store JSON data under a unique key and the user id.

By default, the player has full permission to create, read, update and delete their own storage objects.

Sagi-shi players can unlock or purchase many items, which are stored in the Storage Engine.

Sagi-shi player items screen
Player items

Reading storage objects #

Define a class that describes the storage object and create a new storage object id with the collection name, key and user id. Finally, read the storage objects and parse the JSON data:

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public class HatsStorageObject
{
    public string[] Hats;
}

var readObjectId = new StorageObjectId
{
    Collection = "Unlocks",
    Key = "Hats",
    UserId = session.UserId
};

var result = await client.ReadStorageObjectsAsync(session, new [] { readObjectId });

if (result.Objects.Any())
{
    var storageObject = result.Objects.First();
    var unlockedHats = JsonParser.FromJson<HatsStorageObject>(storageObject.Value);
    Debug.LogFormat("Unlocked hats: {0}", string.Join(",", unlockedHats.Hats));
}

To read other players’ public storage objects use their UserId instead. Remember that players can only read storage objects they own or that are public (PermissionRead value of 2).

Writing storage objects #

Nakama allows developers to write to the Storage Engine from the client and server.

Consider what adverse effects a malicious user can have on your game and economy when deciding where to put your write logic, for example data that should only be written authoritatively (i.e. game unlocks or progress).

Sagi-shi allows players to favorite items for easier access in the UI and it is safe to write this data from the client.

Create a write storage object with the collection name, key and JSON encoded data. Finally, write the storage objects to the Storage Engine:

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var favoriteHats = new HatsStorageObject
{
    Hats = new string[] { "cowboy", "alien"}
};

var writeObject = new WriteStorageObject
{
    Collection = "favorites",
    Key = "Hats",
    Value = JsonWriter.ToJson(favoriteHats),
    PermissionRead = 1, // Only the server and owner can read
    PermissionWrite = 1, // The server and owner can write
};

await client.WriteStorageObjectsAsync(session, new[] { writeObject });

You can also pass multiple objects to the WriteStorageObjectsAsync method:

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var writeObjects = new[] {
    new WriteStorageObject {
        //...
    },
    new WriteStorageObject
    {
        // ...
    }
};

await client.WriteStorageObjectsAsync(session, writeObjects);

Conditional writes #

Storage Engine Conditional Writes ensure that write operations only happen if the object hasn’t changed since you accessed it.

This gives you protection from overwriting data, for example the Sagi-shi server could have updated an object since the player last accessed it.

To perform a conditional write, add a version to the write storage object with the most recent object version:

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// Assuming we already have a storage object (storageObject)
var writeObject = new WriteStorageObject
{
    Collection = storageObject.Collection,
    Key = storageObject.Key,
    Value = "<NewJSONValue>",
    PermissionWrite = 0,
    PermissionRead = 1,
    Version = storageObject.Version
};

try
{
    await client.WriteStorageObjectsAsync(session, writeObjects);
}
catch (ApiResponseException ex)
{
    Debug.Log(ex.Message);
}

Listing storage objects #

Instead of doing multiple read requests with separate keys you can list all the storage objects the player has access to in a collection.

Sagi-shi lists all the player’s unlocked or purchased titles, hats and skins:

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var limit = 3;
var unlocksObjectList = await client.ListUsersStorageObjectsAsync(session, "Unlocks", session.UserId, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var unlockStorageObject in unlocksObjectList.Objects)
{
    switch(unlockStorageObject.Key)
    {
        case "Titles":
            var unlockedTitles = JsonParser.FromJson<TitlesStorageObject>(unlockStorageObject.Value);
            // Display the unlocked titles
            break;
        case "Hats":
            var unlockedHats = JsonParser.FromJson<HatsStorageObject>(unlockStorageObject.Value);
            // Display the unlocked hats
            break;
        case "Skins":
            var unlockedSkins = JsonParser.FromJson<SkinsStorageObject>(unlockStorageObject.Value);
            // Display the unlocked skins
            break;
    }
}

Paginating results #

Nakama methods that list results return a cursor which can be passed to subsequent calls to Nakama to indicate where to start retrieving objects from in the collection.

For example:

  • If the cursor has a value of 5, you will get results from the fifth object.
  • If the cursor is null, you will get results from the first object.
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objectList = await client.ListStorageObjectsAsync(session, "<CollectionName>", limit, objectList.Cursor);

Protecting storage operations on the server #

Nakama Storage Engine operations can be protected on the server to protect data the player shouldn’t be able to modify (i.e. game unlocks or progress). See the writing to the Storage Engine authoritatively recipe.

Remote Procedure Calls #

The Nakama Server allows developers to write custom logic and expose it to the client as RPCs.

Sagi-shi contains various logic that needs to be protected on the server, like checking if the player owns equipment before equipping it.

Creating server logic #

See the handling player equipment authoritatively recipe for an example of creating a remote procedure to check if the player owns equipment before equipping it.

Client RPCs #

Nakama Remote Procedures can be called from the client and take optional JSON payloads.

The Sagi-shi client makes an RPC to securely equip a hat:

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try
{
    var payload = new Dictionary<string, string> {{ "item", "cowboy" }};
    var response = await client.RpcAsync(session, "EquipHat", payload.ToJson());
    Debug.Log("New hat equipped successfully", response);
}
catch (ApiResponseException ex)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Error: {0}", ex.Message);
}

Socket RPCs #

Nakama Remote Procedures can also be called from the socket when you need to interface with Nakama’s real-time functionality.

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var response = await socket.RpcAsync("<RpcId>", "<PayloadString>");

Friends #

Nakama Friends offers a complete social graph system to manage friendships amongst players.

Sagi-shi allows players to add friends, manage their relationships and play together.

Sagi-shi Friends screen
Friends screen

Adding friends #

Adding a friend in Nakama does not immediately add a mutual friend relationship. An outgoing friend request is created to each user, which they will need to accept.

Sagi-shi allows players to add friends by their usernames or user ids:

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// Add friends by Username.
await client.AddFriendsAsync(session, null, new[] { "AlwaysTheImposter21", "SneakyBoi" });

// Add friends by User ID.
await client.AddFriendsAsync(session, new[] { "<SomeUserId>", "<AnotherUserId>" });

Friendship states #

Nakama friendships are categorized with the following states:

ValueState
0Mutual friends
1An outgoing friend request pending acceptance
2An incoming friend request pending acceptance
3Blocked by the user

Listing friends #

Nakama allows developers to list the player’s friends based on their friendship state.

Sagi-shi lists the 20 most recent mutual friends:

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var limit = 20; // Limit is capped at 1000
var frienshipState = 0;
var result = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, frienshipState, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var friend in result.Friends)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("ID: {0}", friend.User.Id);
}

Accepting friend requests #

When accepting a friend request in Nakama the player adds a bi-directional friend relationship.

Nakama takes care of changing the state from pending to mutual for both.

In a complete game you would allow players to accept individual requests.

Sagi-shi just fetches and accepts all the incoming friend requests:

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var limit = 1000;
var result = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, 2, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var friend in result.Friends)
{
    await client.AddFriendsAsync(session, new[] { friend.User.Id });
}

Deleting friends #

Sagi-shi players can remove friends by their username or user id:

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// Delete friends by User ID.
await client.DeleteFriendsAsync(session, new[] { "<SomeUserId>", "<AnotherUserId>" });

// Delete friends by Username.
await client.DeleteFriendsAsync(session, null, new[] { "<SomeUsername>", "<AnotherUsername>" });

Blocking users #

Sagi-shi players can block others by their username or user id:

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// Block friends by User ID.
await client.BlockFriendsAsync(session, new[] { "<SomeUserId>", "<AnotherUserId>" });

// Block friends by Username.
await client.BlockFriendsAsync(session, null, new[] { "<SomeUsername>", "<AnotherUsername>" });

Status & Presence #

Nakama Status is a real-time status and presence service that allows users to set their online presence, update their status message and follow other user’s updates.

Players don’t have to be friends with others they want to follow.

Sagi-shi uses status messages and online presences to notify players when their friends are online and share matches.

Sagi-shi status update screen
Updating player status

Follow users #

The Nakama real-time APIs allow developers to subscribe to events on the socket, like a status presence change, and receive them in real-time.

The method to follow users also returns the current online users, known as presences, and their status.

Sagi-shi follows a player’s friends and notifies them when they are online:

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// Subscribe to the Status event.
socket.ReceivedStatusPresence += e =>
{
    foreach (var presence in e.Joins)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("{0} is online with status: '{1}'", presence.Username, presence.Status);
    }

    foreach (var presence in e.Leaves)
    {
        Debug.LogFormat("{0} went offline", presence.Username);
    }
};

// Follow mutual friends and get the initial Status of any that are currently online.
var friendsResult = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, 0);
var friendIds = friendsResult.Friends.Select(f => f.User.Id);
var result = await socket.FollowUsersAsync(friendIds);

foreach (var presence in result.Presences)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0} is online with status: {1}", presence.Username, presence.Status);
}

Unfollow users #

Sagi-shi players can unfollow others:

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await socket.UnfollowUsersAsync(new[] { "<UserId>" });

Updating player status #

Sagi-shi players can change and publish their status to their followers:

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await socket.UpdateStatusAsync("Viewing the Main Menu");

Groups #

Nakama Groups is a group or clan system with public/private visibility, user memberships and permissions, metadata and group chat.

Sagi-shi allows players to form and join groups to socialize and compete.

Sagi-shi groups screen
Groups list screen

Creating groups #

Groups have a public or private “open” visibility. Anyone can join public groups, but they must request to join and be accepted by a superadmin/admin of a private group.

Sagi-shi players can create groups around common interests:

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var name = "Imposters R Us";
var description = "A group for people who love playing the imposter.";
var open = true; // public group
var maxSize = 100;

var group = await client.CreateGroupAsync(session, name, description, avatarUrl: null, langTag: null, open, maxSize);

Update group visibility #

Nakama allows group superadmin or admin members to update some properties from the client, like the open visibility:

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var open = false;
await client.UpdateGroupAsync(session, "<GroupId>", name: null, open);

Update group size #

Other properties, like the group’s maximum member size, can only be changed on the server.

See the updating group size recipe for an example, and the Groups server function reference to learn more about updating groups on the server.

Sagi-shi group edit screen
Sagi-shi group edit

Listing and filtering groups #

Groups can be listed like other Nakama resources and also filtered with a wildcard group name.

Sagi-shi players use group listing and filtering to search for existing groups to join:

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var limit = 20;
var result = await client.ListGroupsAsync(session, "imposter%", limit);

foreach (var group in result.Groups)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0} [{1}]", group.Name, group.Open ? "Public" : "Private")
}

// Get the next page of results.
var nextResults = await client.ListGroupsAsync(session, name: "imposter%", limit, result.Cursor);

Deleting groups #

Nakama allows group superadmins to delete groups.

Developers can disable this feature entirely, see the Guarding APIs guide for an example on how to protect various Nakama APIs.

Sagi-shi players can delete groups which they are superadmins for:

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await client.DeleteGroupAsync(session, "<GroupId>");

Group metadata #

Like Users Accounts, Groups can have public metadata.

Sagi-shi uses group metadata to store the group’s interests, active player times and languages spoken.

Group metadata can only be updated on the server. See the updating group metadata recipe for an example.

The Sagi-shi client makes an RPC with the group metadata payload:

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var payload = new UpdateGroupMetadataPayload
{
    GroupId = "<GroupId>",
    Interests = new[] { "Deception", "Sabotage", "Cute Furry Bunnies" },
    ActiveTimes = new[] { "9am-2pm Weekdays", "9am-10pm Weekends" },
    Languages = new[] { "English", "German" }
};

try
{
    var result = await client.RpcAsync(session, "UpdateGroupMetadata", JsonWriter.ToJson(payload));
    Debug.Log("Successfully updated group metadata");
}
catch (ApiResponseException ex)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Error: {0}", ex.Message);
}

Group membership states #

Nakama group memberships are categorized with the following states:

CodePurpose
0SuperadminThere must at least be 1 superadmin in any group. The superadmin has all the privileges of the admin and can additionally delete the group and promote admin members.
1AdminThere can be one of more admins. Admins can update groups as well as accept, kick, promote, demote, ban or add members.
2MemberRegular group member. They cannot accept join requests from new users.
3Join requestA new join request from a new user. This does not count towards the maximum group member count.

Joining a group #

If a player joins a public group they immediately become a member, but if they try and join a private group they must be accepted by a group admin.

Sagi-shi players can join a group:

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await client.JoinGroupAsync(session, "<GroupId>");

Listing the user’s groups #

Sagi-shi players can list groups they are a member of:

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var results = await client.ListUserGroupsAsync(session);

foreach (var userGroup in results.UserGroups)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}: {1}", userGroup.Group.Name, userGroup.State);
}

Listing members #

Sagi-shi players can list a group’s members:

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var result = await client.ListGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>");

foreach (var groupUser in result.GroupUsers)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}: {1}", groupUser.User.Id, groupUser.State);
}

Accepting join requests #

Private group admins or superadmins can accept join requests by re-adding the user to the group.

Sagi-shi first lists all the users with a join request state and then loops over and adds them to the group:

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var result = await client.ListGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", 3);

foreach (var groupUser in result.GroupUsers)
{
    await client.AddGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", new[] { groupUser.User.Id });
}

Promoting members #

Nakama group members can be promoted to admin or superadmin roles to help manage a growing group or take over if members leave.

Admins can promote other members to admins, and superadmins can promote other members up to superadmins.

The members will be promoted up one level. For example:

  • Promoting a member will make them an admin
  • Promoting an admin will make them a superadmin
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await client.PromoteGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", new[] { "UserId" });

Demoting members #

Sagi-shi group admins and superadmins can demote members:

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await client.DemoteGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", new[] { "UserId" });

Kicking members #

Sagi-shi group admins and superadmins can remove group members:

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await client.KickGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", new[] { "UserId" });

Banning members #

Sagi-shi group admins and superadmins can ban a user when demoting or kicking is not severe enough:

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await client.BanGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", new[] { "UserId" });

Leaving groups #

Sagi-shi players can leave a group:

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await client.LeaveGroupAsync(session, "<GroupId>");

Chat #

Nakama Chat is a real-time chat system for groups, private/direct messages and dynamic chat rooms.

Sagi-shi uses dynamic chat during matches, for players to mislead each other and discuss who the imposters are, group chat and private/direct messages.

Sagi-shi chat screen
Sagi-shi Chat

Joining dynamic rooms #

Sagi-shi matches have a non-persistent chat room for players to communicate in:

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var roomName = "<MatchId>";
var persistence = false;
var hidden = false;
var channel = await socket.JoinChatAsync(roomName, ChannelType.Room, persistence, hidden);

Debug.LogFormat("Connected to dynamic room channel: {0}", channel.Id);

Joining group chat #

Sagi-shi group members can have conversations that span play sessions in a persistent group chat channel:

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var groupId = "<GroupId>";
var persistence = true;
var hidden = false;
var channel = await socket.JoinChatAsync(groupId, ChannelType.Group, persistence, hidden);

Debug.LogFormat("Connected to group channel: {0}", channel.Id);

Joining direct chat #

Sagi-shi players can also chat privately one-to-one during or after matches and view past messages:

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var userId = "<UserId>";
var persistence = true;
var hidden = false;
var channel = await socket.JoinChatAsync(userId, ChannelType.DirectMessage, persistence, hidden);

Debug.LogFormat("Connected to direct message channel: {0}", channel.Id);

Sending messages #

Sending messages is the same for every type of chat channel. Messages contain chat text and emotes and are sent as JSON serialized data:

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var channelId = "<ChannelId>"

var messageContent = new Dictionary<string, string> {
    { "message", "I think Red is the imposter!" }
};

var messageSendAck = await socket.WriteChatMessageAsync(channelId, JsonWriter.ToJson(messageContent));

var emoteContent = new Dictionary<string, string> {
    { "emote", "point" },
    { "emoteTarget", "<RedPlayerUserId>" }
};

var emoteSendAck = await socket.WriteChatMessageAsync(channelId, JsonWriter.ToJson(emoteContent));

Listing message history #

Message listing takes a parameter which indicates if messages are received from oldest to newest (forward) or newest to oldest.

Sagi-shi players can list a group’s message history:

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var limit = 100;
var forward = true;
var groupId = "<GroupId>";
var result = await client.ListChannelMessagesAsync(session, groupId, limit, forward, cursor: null);

foreach (var message in result.Messages)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", message.Username, message.Content);
}

Chat also has cacheable cursors to fetch the most recent messages, which you can store in PlayerPrefs.

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PlayerPrefs.SetString(string.Format("nakama.groupMessagesCacheableCursor_{0}", groupId), result.CacheableCursor);

var cacheableCursor = PlayerPrefs.GetString(string.Format("nakama.groupMessagesCacheableCursor_{0}", groupId), null);
var nextResults = await client.ListChannelMessagesAsync(session, groupId, limit, forward, cacheableCursor);

Updating messages #

Nakama also supports updating messages. It is up to you whether you want to use this feature, but in a game of deception like Sagi-shi it can add an extra element of deception.

For example a player sends the following message:

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var channelId = "<ChannelId>"
var messageContent = new Dictionary<string, string> {
    { "message", "I think Red is the imposter!" }
};
var messageSendAck = await socket.WriteChatMessageAsync(channelId, JsonWriter.ToJson(messageContent));

They then quickly edit their message to confuse others:

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var newMessageContent = new Dictionary<string, string> {
    { "message", "I think BLUE is the imposter!" }
};
var messageUpdateAck = await socket.UpdateChatMessageAsync(channelId, messageSendAck.MessageId, JsonWriter.ToJson(newMessageContent));

Matches #

Nakama supports Server Authoritative and Server Relayed multiplayer matches.

In server authoritative matches the server controls the gameplay loop and must keep all clients up to date with the current state of the game.

In server relayed matches the client is in control, with the server only relaying information to the other connected clients.

In a competitive game such as Sagi-shi, server authoritative matches would likely be used to prevent clients from interacting with your game in unauthorized ways.

For the simplicity of this guide, the server relayed model is used.

Creating matches #

Sagi-shi players can create their own matches and invite their online friends to join:

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var match = await socket.CreateMatchAsync();
var friendsList = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, 0, 100);
var onlineFriends = friendsList.Friends.Where(f => f.User.Online).Select(f => f.User);

foreach (var friend in onlineFriends)
{
    var content = new
    {
        message = string.Format("Hey {0}, join me for a match!", friend.Username),
        matchId = match.Id
    };

    var channel = await socket.JoinChatAsync(friend.Id, ChannelType.DirectMessage);
    var messageAck = await socket.WriteChatMessageAsync(channel, JsonWriter.ToJson(content));
}

Creating a match by match name

Sagi-shi players can also create matches with a specific match name, this allows them to invite their friends by telling them the name of the match. It should be noted that when creating a match by name (which is an arbitrary name and not something tied to authoritative match handlers), the match will always be a relayed match rather than an authoritative match.

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var matchName = "NoImpostersAllowed";
var match = await socket.CreateMatchAsync(matchName);

Joining matches #

Sagi-shi players can try to join existing matches if they know the id:

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var matchId = "<MatchId>";
var match = await socket.JoinMatchAsync(matchId);

Or set up a real-time matchmaker listener and add themselves to the matchmaker:

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socket.ReceivedMatchmakerMatched += async matchmakerMatched => {
    var match = await socket.JoinMatchAsync(matchmakerMatched);
};

var minPlayers = 2;
var maxPlayers = 10;
var query = "";

var matchmakingTicket = await socket.AddMatchmakerAsync(query, minPlayers, maxPlayers);

Joining matches by match name

Sagi-shi players can join a match by match name if their friends have shared one with them.

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var matchName = "NoImpostersAllowed";

// When joining by match name, you use the CreateMatchAsync function instead of the JoinMatchAsync function
var match = await socket.CreateMatchAsync(matchName);

Joining matches from player status

Sagi-shi players can update their status when they join a new match:

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var status = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
    { "Status", "Playing a match" },
    { "MatchId", "<MatchId>" }
};

await socket.UpdateStatusAsync(JsonWriter.ToJson(status));

When their followers receive the real-time status event they can try and join the match:

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socket.ReceivedStatusPresence += async e =>
{
    // Join the first match found in a friend's status
    foreach (var presence in e.Joins)
    {
        var status = JsonParser.FromJson<Dictionary<string, string>>(presence.Status);
        if (status.ContainsKey("MatchId"))
        {
            await socket.JoinMatchAsync(status["MatchId"]);
            break;
        }
    }
};

Listing matches #

Match Listing takes a number of criteria to filter matches by including player count, a match label and an option to provide a more complex search query.

Sagi-shi matches start in a lobby state. The match exists on the server but the actual gameplay doesn’t start until enough players have joined.

Sagi-shi can then list matches that are waiting for more players:

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var minPlayers = 2;
var maxPlayers = 10;
var limit = 10;
var authoritative = true;
var label = "";
var query = "";
var result = await client.ListMatchesAsync(session, minPlayers, maxPlayers, limit, authoritative, label, query);

foreach (var match in result.Matches)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}: {1}/10 players", match.MatchId, match.Size);
}

To find a match that has a label of "AnExactMatchLabel":

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var label = "AnExactMatchLabel";

Advanced:

In order to use a more complex structured query, the match label must be in JSON format.

To find a match where it expects player skill level to be >100 and optionally has a game mode of "sabotage":

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var query = "+label.skill:>100 label.mode:sabotage"

Spawning players #

The match object has a list of current online users, known as presences.

Sagi-shi uses the match presences to spawn players on the client:

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var match = await socket.JoinMatchAsync(matchId);

var players = new Dictionary<string, GameObject>();

foreach (var presence in match.Presences)
{
    // Spawn a player for this presence and store it in a dictionary by session id.
    var go = Instantiate(playerPrefab);
    players.Add(presence.SessionId, go);
}

Sagi-shi keeps the spawned players up-to-date as they leave and join the match using the match presence received event:

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socket.ReceivedMatchPresence += matchPresenceEvent =>
{
    // For each player that has joined in this event...
    foreach (var presence in matchPresenceEvent.Joins)
    {
        // Spawn a player for this presence and store it in a dictionary by session id.
        var go = Instantiate(playerPrefab);
        players.Add(presence.SessionId, go);
    }

    // For each player that has left in this event...
    foreach (var presence in matchPresenceEvent.Leaves)
    {
        // Remove the player from the game if they've been spawned
        if (players.ContainsKey(presence.SessionId))
        {
            Destroy(players[presence.SessionId]);
            players.Remove(presence.SessionId);
        }

    }
};

Sending match state #

Nakama has real-time networking to send and receive match state as players move and interact with the game world.

During the match, each Sagi-shi client sends match state to the server to be relayed to the other clients.

Match state contains an op code that lets the receiver know what data is being received so they can deserialize it and update their view of the game.

Example op codes used in Sagi-shi:

  • 1: player position
  • 2: player calling vote

Sending player position

Define a class to represent Sagi-shi player position states:

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[Serializable]
public class PositionState
{
    public float X;
    public float Y;
    public float Z;
}

Create an instance from the player’s transform, set the op code and send the JSON encoded state:

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var state = new PositionState
{
    X = transform.position.x,
    Y = transform.position.y,
    Z = transform.position.z
};

var opCode = 1;

await socket.SendMatchStateAsync(match.Id, opCode, JsonWriter.ToJson(state));

Op Codes as a static class

Sagi-shi has many networked game actions. Using a static class of constants for op codes will keep your code easier to follow and maintain:

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public static class OpCodes
{
    public const long Position = 1;
    public const long Vote = 2;
}

await socket.SendMatchStateAsync(match.Id, OpCodes.Position, JsonWriter.ToJson(state));

Receiving match state #

Sagi-shi players can receive match data from the other connected clients by subscribing to the match state received event:

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socket.ReceivedMatchState += matchState =>
{
    switch (matchState.OpCode)
    {
        case OpCodes.Position:
            // Get the updated position data
            var stateJson = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(matchState.State);
            var positionState = JsonParser.FromJson<PositionState>(stateJson);

            // Update the GameObject associated with that player
            if (players.ContainsKey(matchState.UserPresence.SessionId))
            {
                // Here we would normally do something like smoothly interpolate to the new position, but for this example let's just set the position directly.
                players[matchState.UserPresence.SessionId].transform.position = new Vector3(positionState.X, positionState.Y, positionState.Z);
            }
            break;
        default:
            Debug.Log("Unsupported op code");
            break;
    }
};

Matchmaker #

Developers can find matches for players using Match Listing or the Nakama Matchmaker, which enables players join the real-time matchmaking pool and be notified when they are matched with other players that match their specified criteria.

Matchmaking helps players find each other, it does not create a match. This decoupling is by design, allowing you to use matchmaking for more than finding a game match. For example, if you were building a social experience you could use matchmaking to find others to chat with.

Add matchmaker #

Matchmaking criteria can be simple, find 2 players, or more complex, find 2-10 players with a minimum skill level interested in a specific game mode.

Sagi-shi allows players to join the matchmaking pool and have the server match them with other players:

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var minPlayers = 2;
var maxPlayers = 10;
var query = "+skill:>100 mode:sabotage";
var stringProperties = new Dictionary<string, string> { { "mode", "sabotage" }};
var numericProperties = new Dictionary<string, double> { { "skill", 125 }};
var matchmakerTicket = await socket.AddMatchmakerAsync(query, minPlayers, maxPlayers, stringProperties, numericProperties);

Parties #

Nakama Parties is a real-time system that allows players to form short lived parties that don’t persist after all players have disconnected.

Sagi-shi allows friends to form a party and matchmake together.

Creating parties #

The player who creates the party is the party’s leader. Parties have maximum number of players and can be open to automatically accept players or closed so that the party leader can accept incoming join requests.

Sagi-shi uses closed parties with a maximum of 4 players:

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var open = false;
var maxPlayers = 4;
var party = await socket.CreatePartyAsync(open, maxPlayers);

Sagi-shi shares party ids with friends via private/direct messages:

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var friendsList = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, 0, 100);
var onlineFriends = friendsList.Friends.Where(f => f.User.Online).Select(f => f.User);

foreach (var friend in onlineFriends)
{
    var content = new
    {
        message = string.Format("Hey {0}, wanna join the party?!", friend.Username),
        partyId = party.Id
    };

    var channel = await socket.JoinChatAsync(friend.Id, ChannelType.DirectMessage);
    var messageAck = await socket.WriteChatMessageAsync(channel, JsonWriter.ToJson(content));
}

Joining parties #

Safi-shi players can join parties from chat messages by checking for the party id in the message:

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socket.ReceivedChannelMessage += async m =>
{
    var content = JsonParser.FromJson<Dictionary<string, string>>(m.Content);
    if (content.ContainsKey("partyId"))
    {
        await socket.JoinPartyAsync(content["partyId"]);
    }
};

Promoting a member #

Sagi-shi party members can be promoted to the party leader:

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var newLeader = party.Presences.Where(p => p.SessionId != party.Leader.SessionId).First();
await socket.PromotePartyMemberAsync(party.Id, newLeader);

Leaving parties #

Sagi-shi players can leave parties:

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await socket.LeavePartyAsync(party.Id);

Matchmaking with parties #

One of the main benefits of joining a party is that all the players can join the matchmaking pool together.

Sagi-shi players can listen to the the matchmaker matched event and join the match when one is found:

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socket.ReceivedMatchmakerMatched += async matchmakerMatched =>
{
    await socket.JoinMatchAsync(matchmakerMatched.MatchId);
};

The party leader will start the matchmaking for their party:

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var minPlayers = 2;
var maxPlayers = 10;
var query = "";
var matchmakerTicket = await socket.AddMatchmakerPartyAsync("<PartyId>", query, minPlayers, maxPlayers);

Sending party data #

Sagi-shi players can send data to other members of their party to indicate they wish to start a vote.

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[Serializable]
public class VoteState
{
    public string Username;
    public string Reason;
}

// ...

var state = new VoteState
{
    Username = "<Username>",
    Reason = "Emergency"
};

await socket.SendPartyDataAsync(party.Id, OpCodes.PartyCallVote, JsonWriter.ToJson(state));

Receiving party data #

Sagi-shi players can receive party data from other party members by subscribing to the party data event.

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socket.ReceivedPartyData += partyData =>
{
    switch (partyData.OpCode)
    {
        case OpCodes.PartyCallVote:
            // Get the vote data
            var stateJson = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(partyData.Data);
            var voteState = JsonParser.FromJson<VoteState>(stateJson);

            // Show a UI dialogue - "<username> has proposed to call a vote for <reason>. Do you agree? Yes/No"
            break;
        default:
            Debug.Log("Unsupported opcode");
            break;
    }
};

Leaderboards #

Nakama Leaderboards introduce a competitive aspect to your game and increase player engagement and retention.

Sagi-shi has a leaderboard of weekly imposter wins, where player scores increase each time they win, and similarly a leaderboard for weekly crew member wins.

Sagi-shi leaderboard screen
Sagi-shi Leaderboard

Creating leaderboards #

Leaderboards have to be created on the server, see the leaderboard documentation for details on creating leaderboards.

Submitting scores #

When players submit scores, Nakama will increment the player’s existing score by the submitted score value.

Along with the score value, Nakama also has a subscore, which can be used for ordering when the scores are the same.

Sagi-shi players can submit scores to the leaderboard with contextual metadata, like the map the score was achieved on:

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var score = 1;
var subscore = 0;
var metadata = new Dictionary<string, string> {{ "map", "space_station" }};
await client.WriteLeaderboardRecordAsync(session, "weekly_imposter_wins", score, subscore, JsonWriter.ToJson(metadata));

Listing the top records #

Sagi-shi players can list the top records of the leaderboard:

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var limit = 20;
var leaderboardName = "weekly_imposter_wins";
var result = await client.ListLeaderboardRecordsAsync(session, leaderboardName, ownerIds: null, expiry: null, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var record in result.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", record.OwnerId, record.Score);
}

Listing records around the user

Nakama allows developers to list leaderboard records around a player.

Sagi-shi gives players a snapshot of how they are doing against players around them:

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var limit = 20;
var leaderboardName = "weekly_imposter_wins";
var result = await client.ListLeaderboardRecordsAroundOwnerAsync(session, leaderboardName, session.UserId, expiry: null, limit);

foreach (var record in result.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", record.OwnerId, record.Score);
}

Listing records for a list of users

Sagi-shi players can get their friends’ scores by supplying their user ids to the owner id parameter:

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var friendsList = await client.ListFriendsAsync(session, 0, 100, cursor: null);
var userIds = friendsList.Friends.Select(f => f.User.Id);
var recordList = await client.ListLeaderboardRecordsAsync(session, "weekly_imposter_wins", userIds, expiry: null, 100, cursor: null);

foreach (var record in recordList.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0} scored {1}", record.Username, record.Score);
}

The same approach can be used to get group member’s scores by supplying their user ids to the owner id parameter:

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var groupUserList = await client.ListGroupUsersAsync(session, "<GroupId>", state: null, 100, cursor: null);
var userIds = groupUserList.GroupUsers.Where(x => x.State < 3).Select(g => g.User.Id);
var recordList = await client.ListLeaderboardRecordsAsync(session, "weekly_imposter_wins", userIds, expiry: null, 100, cursor: null);
foreach (var record in recordList.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0} scored {1}", record.Username, record.Score);
}

Deleting records #

Sagi-shi players can delete their own leaderboard records:

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await client.DeleteLeaderboardRecordAsync(session, "<LeaderboardId>");

Tournaments #

Nakama Tournaments are short lived competitions where players compete for a prize.

Sagi-shi players can view, filter and join running tournaments.

Sagi-shi tournaments screen
Sagi-shi Tournaments

Creating tournaments #

Tournaments have to be created on the server, see the tournament documentation for details on how to create a tournament.

Sagi-shi has a weekly tournament which challenges players to get the most correct imposter votes. At the end of the week the top players receive a prize of in-game currency.

Joining tournaments #

By default in Nakama players don’t have to join tournaments before they can submit a score, but Sagi-shi makes this mandatory:

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await client.JoinTournamentAsync(session, "<TournamentId>");

Listing tournaments #

Sagi-shi players can list and filter tournaments with various criteria:

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var categoryStart = 1;
var categoryEnd = 2;
int? startTime = null;
int? endTime = null;
var limit = 100;
var result = await client.ListTournamentsAsync(session, categoryStart, categoryEnd, startTime, endTime, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var tournament in result.Tournaments)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", tournament.Id, tournament.Title);
}

For performance reasons categories are filtered using a range, not individual numbers. Structure your categories to take advantage of this (e.g. all PVE tournaments in the 1XX range, all PVP tournaments in the 2XX range, etc.).

Listing records #

Sagi-shi players can list tournament records:

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var limit = 20;
var tournamentName = "weekly_top_detective";
var result = await client.ListTournamentRecordsAsync(session, tournamentName, ownerIds: null, expiry: null, limit, cursor: null);

foreach (var record in result.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", record.OwnerId, record.Score);
}

Listing records around a user

Similarly to leaderboards, Sagi-shi players can get other player scores around them:

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var limit = 20;
var tournamentName = "weekly_top_detective";
var result = await client.ListTournamentRecordsAroundOwnerAsync(session, tournamentName, session.UserId, expiry: null, limit);

foreach (var record in result.Records)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("{0}:{1}", record.OwnerId, record.Score);
}

Submitting scores #

Sagi-shi players can submit scores, subscores and metadata to the tournament:

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var score = 1;
var subscore = 0;
var metadata = new Dictionary<string, string> {{ "map", "space_station" }};
await client.WriteTournamentRecordAsync(session, "weekly_top_detective", score, subscore, JsonWriter.ToJson(metadata));

Deleting scores #

Sagi-shi players can delete their own tournament records:

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await client.DeleteTournamentRecordAsync(session, "<TournamentId>");

Notifications #

Nakama Notifications can be used for the game server to broadcast real-time messages to players.

Notifications can be either persistent (remaining until a player has viewed it) or transient (received only if the player is currently online).

Sagi-shi uses Notifications to notify tournament winners about their winnings.

Sagi-shi notification screen
Sagi-shi notifications

Receiving notifications #

Notifications have to be sent from the server.

Nakama uses a code to differentiate notifications. Codes of 0 and below are system reserved for Nakama internals.

Sagi-shi players can subscribe to the notification received event. Sagi-shi uses a code of 100 for tournament winnings:

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socket.ReceivedNotification += notification => {
    const int rewardCode = 100;
    switch (notification.Code)
    {
        case rewardCode:
            Debug.LogFormat("Congratulations, you won the tournament!\n{0}\n{1}", notification.Subject, notification.Content);
            break;
        default:
            Debug.LogFormat("Other notification: {0}:{1}\n{2}", notification.Code, notification.Subject, notification.Content);
            break;
    }
};

Listing notifications #

Sagi-shi players can list the notifications they received while offline:

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var limit = 100;
var result = await client.ListNotificationsAsync(session, limit, cacheableCursor: null);
foreach (var notification in result.Notifications)
{
    Debug.LogFormat("Notification: {0}:{1}\n{2}", notification.Code, notification.Subject, notification.Content);
}

Pagination and cacheable cursors

Like other listing methods, notification results can be paginated using a cursor or cacheable cursor from the result.

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PlayerPrefs.SetString("nakama.notificationsCacheableCursor", result.CacheableCursor);

The next time the player logs in the cacheable cursor can be used to list unread notifications.

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var cacheableCursor = PlayerPrefs.GetString("nakama.notificationsCacheableCursor", null);
var nextResults = await client.ListNotificationsAsync(session, limit, cacheableCursor);

Deleting notifications #

Sagi-shi players can delete notifications once they’ve read them:

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await client.DeleteNotificationsAsync(session, new[] { "<NotificationId>" });